Glipizide
別名: Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL, Metaglip, Minodiab
Your veterinarian has prescribed **glipizide** to help manage your cat's diabetes. This medication works by stimulating your cat's pancreas to release more insulin. * **Patience is Key**: It can take **4 to 8 weeks** to see the full benefits of this medication. Do not stop giving it unless directed by your veterinarian. * **Watch for Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)**: Signs include weakness, wobbliness, lethargy, muscle twitching, or seizures. If you see these signs, rub a little corn syrup or honey on your cat's gums and contact your vet immediately. * **Watch for High Blood Sugar (Hyperglycemia)**: If the medication isn't working well enough, you may notice increased thirst, increased urination, or weight loss. * **Side Effects**: Some cats may experience vomiting or loss of appetite, especially when first starting the drug. If vomiting is severe or lasts more than a couple of days, or if you notice a yellowing of the eyes/gums (jaundice), call your veterinarian. * **Diet**: Give this medication with a meal as directed, and stick to the specific diet (often high-protein/low-carbohydrate or high-fiber) recommended by your vet.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Diabetes mellitus (non-ketotic, relatively healthy)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diabetes mellitus (mild weight loss, non-ketoacidotic, no peripheral neuropathy)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Non-ketotic diabetes mellitus
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Gastrointestinal upset (anorexia, vomiting in ~15% of cats)
- Hypoglycemia (severe cases are rare)
- Hepatotoxicity (cholestatic jaundice and elevated liver enzymes in ~8% of cats)
- Increased pancreatic amyloid deposit formation
- Allergic skin reactions (reported in humans)
- Bone marrow suppression (reported in humans)
- Vomiting
- Hypoglycemia
- Jaundice (hepatotoxicity)
- Skin rashes
- Fever
注意事項與禁忌
- Severe burns, trauma, or infection
- Diabetic coma or other hypoglycemic conditions
- Major surgery
- Ketosis, ketoacidosis, or other significant acidotic conditions
- Known hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas
- Diabetic ketosis / ketoacidosis
- Hepatic impairment
- Renal impairment
- Absolute insulin deficiency (Type I diabetes)
- Insulin resistance
- > **Important**: Glipizide should be used with extreme caution in patients with untreated adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, thyroid impairment, renal or hepatic function impairment, prolonged vomiting, high fever, malnourishment, or debilitated conditions. * **Efficacy Loss**: While initially effective, glipizide may become ineffective weeks to months after starting therapy, eventually requiring a transition to insulin. * **Concurrent Endocrine Disease**: Conditions causing excessive cortisol or growth hormone production (e.g., hyperadrenocorticism, acromegaly) can antagonize insulin effects and must be ruled out before initiating therapy. * **Hepatic Monitoring**: Monitor liver enzymes closely. Discontinue if ALT exceeds 500 IU/L or if icterus develops.
藥物相互作用
- Alcohol: May cause a disulfiram-like reaction (anorexia, nausea, vomiting)
- Azole Antifungals (ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole): May increase plasma levels of glipizide
- Beta-blockers: May potentiate hypoglycemic effect and mask signs of hypoglycemia
- Chloramphenicol: May displace glipizide from plasma proteins, increasing effect
- Cimetidine: May potentiate hypoglycemic effect
- Corticosteroids: May antagonize insulin effects and reduce glipizide efficacy
- Thiazide Diuretics: May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
- Isoniazid: May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
- MAO Inhibitors: May potentiate hypoglycemic effect
- Niacin: May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
- Phenothiazines: May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
- Phenytoin: May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
常見問題
Glipizide用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Your veterinarian has prescribed **glipizide** to help manage your cat's diabetes. This medication works by stimulating your cat's pancreas to release more insulin. * **Patience is Key**: It can take **4 to 8 weeks** to see the full benefits of this medication. Do not stop giving it unless directed by your veterinarian. * **Watch for Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)**: Signs include weakness, wobbliness, lethargy, muscle twitching, or seizures. If you see these signs, rub a little corn syrup or honey on your cat's gums and contact your vet immediately. * **Watch for High Blood Sugar (Hyperglycemia)**: If the medication isn't working well enough, you may notice increased thirst, increased urination, or weight loss. * **Side Effects**: Some cats may experience vomiting or loss of appetite, especially when first starting the drug. If vomiting is severe or lasts more than a couple of days, or if you notice a yellowing of the eyes/gums (jaundice), call your veterinarian. * **Diet**: Give this medication with a meal as directed, and stick to the specific diet (often high-protein/low-carbohydrate or high-fiber) recommended by your vet.
Glipizide對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。