氟康唑
別名: Diflucan
藥物類別: Antifungal - Triazole
- **耐心是關鍵：** 黴菌感染需要很長時間才能清除。治療通常持續數週至數個月。即使您的寵物看起來好轉，也不要提早停藥，因為感染可能會復發。 - **給藥方式：** 氟康唑無論是與食物一起服用或空腹服用，都能被良好吸收。 - **注意副作用：** 雖然通常非常安全，但請注意是否有食慾不振、嘔吐或腹瀉的情況。如果發生這些情況，請聯繫您的獸醫。 - **費用：** 由於治療期長，費用可能會累積，不過學名藥的出現已使其變得較為負擔得起。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Nasal or dermal cryptococcosis
- CNS, intraocular, or multisystemic cryptococcosis
- CNS, intraocular or multisystemic mycoses
- Cryptococcosis
- Cryptococcosis
- C. immitis infection or Candida bacteremia
- Fungal keratitis
- Candidiasis (cockatoos, parrots)
- Candidiasis (cockatiels)
- Alternate treatment of aspergillosis
- General (Rabbits)
- Cryptococcosis, candidiasis, systemic mycoses, nasal aspergillosis
- Fungal meningitis
- Urinary candidiasis
- Urinary Candida glabrata infection
- Cryptococcosis
- Blastomycosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Treatment of Malassezia (may be safer than itraconazole or ketoconazole in dogs with hepatic disease)
- Systemic treatment of Malassezia dermatitis
- Recurrent Malassezia dermatitis
- Systemic treatment of Malassezia dermatitis
- Nasal aspergillosis (alternative to itraconazole or terbinafine)
給藥方式
POIV
可能的副作用
- Inappetence
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hepatotoxicity (rare)
- Headache (humans)
- Increased liver enzymes (humans)
- Exfoliative skin disorders (humans)
- Thrombocytopenia (humans)
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Hepatotoxicity
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to fluconazole or other azole antifungals
- Budgerigars (reportedly toxic)
- Pregnant animals
- Lactating animals
- Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment. Because fluconazole is eliminated primarily by the kidneys, doses or dosing intervals may need to be adjusted in patients with renal impairment. Safety during pregnancy has not been established (FDA Category C); use with caution in nursing dams as it is excreted in milk. Reportedly toxic to budgerigars.
藥物相互作用
- Amphotericin B: May be antagonistic against Aspergillus or Candida; clinical importance unclear
- Buspirone: Plasma concentrations of buspirone may be elevated
- Cisapride: May increase cisapride levels and the possibility for toxicity
- Corticosteroids: May inhibit the metabolism of corticosteroids; potential for increased adverse effects
- Cyclophosphamide: May inhibit the metabolism of cyclophosphamide and its metabolites; potential for increased toxicity
- Cyclosporine: Increases cyclosporine levels; dosage of cyclosporine may need to be decreased by 29%-51%
- Diuretics, Thiazides: Increased fluconazole concentrations
- Fentanyl/Alfentanil: May increase fentanyl levels
- Midazolam: Increased midazolam levels and effects
- NSAIDs: May increase NSAID plasma levels; increased risk for adverse effects
- Quinidine: Increased risk for cardiotoxicity
- Rifampin: May decrease fluconazole efficacy; fluconazole may increase rifampin levels
- Theophylline/Aminophylline: Increased theophylline concentrations
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: May exacerbate the effects of tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine, amitriptyline)
- Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agents: May increase levels of agents like glipizide or glyburide; hypoglycemia possible
- Vincristine/Vinblastine: May inhibit vinca alkaloid metabolism
- Warfarin: May cause increased prothrombin times
- Theophylline: Fluconazole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent liver enzymes, which may increase plasma theophylline concentrations.
- Terfenadine: Co-administration has led to terfenadine toxicity in humans.
- Ciclosporin: Fluconazole increases ciclosporin blood levels.
常見問題
氟康唑用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- 耐心是關鍵： 黴菌感染需要很長時間才能清除。治療通常持續數週至數個月。即使您的寵物看起來好轉，也不要提早停藥，因為感染可能會復發。 - 給藥方式： 氟康唑無論是與食物一起服用或空腹服用，都能被良好吸收。 - 注意副作用： 雖然通常非常安全，但請注意是否有食慾不振、嘔吐或腹瀉的情況。如果發生這些情況，請聯繫您的獸醫。 - 費用： 由於治療期長，費用可能會累積，不過學名藥的出現已使其變得較為負擔得起。
氟康唑對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。