Ciprofloxacin
別名: Cipro, Cipro XR, Cipro I.V., Ciloxan
> **Important**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed, and do not skip doses to ensure the infection is fully treated. * **Administration**: Best given on an empty stomach. If it causes stomach upset, a small treat is okay, but **do not give with dairy products** (cheese, milk, yogurt) as the calcium prevents the drug from being absorbed. * **Supplements**: Separate from antacids, iron, or zinc supplements by at least 2 hours. * **Hydration**: Ensure your pet has access to plenty of fresh water at all times to prevent crystal formation in the urine. * **Side Effects**: Watch for vomiting, loss of appetite, or unusual neurologic signs (like dizziness or tremors). Contact your veterinarian if these occur. * **Growing Pets**: This drug is generally avoided in young, growing animals as it can cause joint and cartilage problems.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Susceptible infections
- Ocular infections
- Severe ocular infections (intensive therapy)
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible gram-negative infections
- Susceptible gram-negative infections
- Susceptible gram-negative infections
- Susceptible infections (Ratites)
- Susceptible infections (Rabbits)
- Susceptible infections (Chinchillas, Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters, Mice, Rats)
- Pasteurellosis (Rabbits)
- Susceptible infections
- UTI
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- GI distress (vomiting, anorexia)
- Cartilage abnormalities in young, growing animals
- CNS stimulation (dizziness, seizures)
- Crystalluria
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Local irritation after application
- Local burning and itching (reported in humans)
- Lid margin crusting (reported in humans)
- Hyperaemia (reported in humans)
- Taste disturbances (reported in humans)
- Corneal staining (reported in humans)
- Keratitis (reported in humans)
- Lid oedema (reported in humans)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones
- Small and medium breed dogs 2-8 months of age (due to cartilage damage)
- Large and giant breed dogs during their rapid growth phase (past 8 months of age)
- Known hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- > **Caution**: Use with care in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment (dosage adjustments may be required to prevent accumulation). * **Hydration**: Animals should not be allowed to become dehydrated during therapy due to the risk of crystalluria. * **Neurologic**: Use with caution in patients with seizure disorders due to potential CNS stimulation. * **Feline Retinal Toxicity**: Use high doses in cats with caution. While retinal toxicity appears less likely than with enrofloxacin (as ciprofloxacin is less lipophilic), caution is still advised.
藥物相互作用
- Antacids/Dairy Products (Mg++, Al+++, Ca++): May bind to ciprofloxacin and prevent its absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours
- Antibiotics (aminoglycosides, 3rd-generation cephalosporins, extended-spectrum penicillins): Synergism may occur against some bacteria (particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
- Cyclosporine: May exacerbate nephrotoxicity and reduce the metabolism of cyclosporine
- Glyburide: Severe hypoglycemia possible
- Iron, Zinc (oral): Decreased ciprofloxacin absorption; separate doses by at least two hours
- Methotrexate: Increased MTX levels possible with resultant toxicity
- Nitrofurantoin: May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use not recommended
- Phenytoin: May alter phenytoin levels
- Probenecid: Blocks tubular secretion of ciprofloxacin and may increase its blood level and half-life
- Quinidine: Increased risk for cardiotoxicity
- Sucralfate: May inhibit absorption of ciprofloxacin; separate doses by at least 2 hours
常見問題
Ciprofloxacin用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed, and do not skip doses to ensure the infection is fully treated. * **Administration**: Best given on an empty stomach. If it causes stomach upset, a small treat is okay, but **do not give with dairy products** (cheese, milk, yogurt) as the calcium prevents the drug from being absorbed. * **Supplements**: Separate from antacids, iron, or zinc supplements by at least 2 hours. * **Hydration**: Ensure your pet has access to plenty of fresh water at all times to prevent crystal formation in the urine. * **Side Effects**: Watch for vomiting, loss of appetite, or unusual neurologic signs (like dizziness or tremors). Contact your veterinarian if these occur. * **Growing Pets**: This drug is generally avoided in young, growing animals as it can cause joint and cartilage problems.
Ciprofloxacin對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。