氯四環黴素
別名: Aureomycin, Pennchlor, CTC, CLTC 100 MR, Ophtocycline
* **給藥方式：** 若為口服給藥，請勿與乳製品、制酸劑或鐵劑同時餵食，因為這些物質會與藥物結合並使其失效。請至少間隔 1-2 小時。 * **副作用：** 可能引起腸胃不適、嘔吐或腹瀉。如果這些症狀變得嚴重，請聯繫您的獸醫師。 * **幼年動物：** 若給予發育中的幼畜或懷孕母畜，此藥物可能會導致牙齒永久性變黃或變褐。 * **陽光照射：** 可能會使寵物的皮膚對陽光更敏感（光敏性）。治療期間請避免長時間曝曬於陽光下。 * **鳥類：** 若透過飲水治療鳥類，在溫暖的天氣下請每 12 小時更換一次新鮮飲水。治療期間請移除砂礫和產蛋飼料，因為其中的鈣會阻礙藥物吸收。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Susceptible infections
- Bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, and spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs)
- Chlamydiosis (Small birds)
- Chlamydiosis (Larger psittacines)
- Susceptible infections (Ratites)
- Susceptible infections (Pigeons)
- Susceptible infections
- To prevent recurrence of mycoplasma or chlamydial conjunctivitis in large catteries
- Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis, mycoplasmal conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis/blepharitis
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (Rabbits)
- Susceptible infections (Chinchillas)
- Susceptible infections (Hamsters)
- Susceptible infections (Mice)
- Susceptible infections (Rats)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea)
- Discoloration of developing teeth and bones (yellow, brown, or gray)
- Delayed bone growth and healing (at high doses)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Increased BUN (antianabolic effect)
- Ruminal microflora depression and stasis (in ruminants)
- Intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria (with rapid IV injection of propylene glycol-based products)
- Colic, fever, and hair loss (in cats)
- Severe diarrhea (in stressed horses)
- Superinfections (bacterial or fungal overgrowth)
- Photosensitivity
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to chlortetracycline or other tetracyclines
- Guinea pigs (causes fatal clostridial enterotoxemia)
- **Pregnancy Warning:** Tetracyclines can retard fetal skeletal development and discolor deciduous teeth. Use only in the last half of pregnancy if benefits outweigh risks. **Organ Impairment:** Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency. Lower dosages and enhanced monitoring are recommended. Avoid concurrent use of other nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic drugs. **Laboratory Interactions:** * May cause falsely elevated urine catecholamines (fluorometric methods). * May cause false-positive urine glucose (cupric sulfate method/Benedict's reagent) or false-negative urine glucose (glucose oxidase method). **IV Administration:** Rapid IV injection can induce transient collapse and cardiac arrhythmias due to intravascular calcium chelation. Pre-treatment with IV calcium gluconate may be considered if rapid injection is unavoidable.
藥物相互作用
- Beta-lactam Antibiotics: Bacteriostatic action of tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal activity of penicillins and cephalosporins.
- Aminoglycosides: May interfere with bactericidal activity.
- Digoxin: May increase the bioavailability of digoxin in a small percentage of patients, potentially leading to toxicity.
- Divalent or Trivalent Cations (Antacids, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Zinc, Bismuth): Chelation occurs, significantly decreasing the oral absorption of the tetracycline. Separate administration by at least 1-2 hours.
- Warfarin: May depress plasma prothrombin activity; anticoagulant dosage may need adjustment.
常見問題
氯四環黴素用於寵物有甚麼用途？
• 給藥方式： 若為口服給藥，請勿與乳製品、制酸劑或鐵劑同時餵食，因為這些物質會與藥物結合並使其失效。請至少間隔 1-2 小時。 • 副作用： 可能引起腸胃不適、嘔吐或腹瀉。如果這些症狀變得嚴重，請聯繫您的獸醫師。 • 幼年動物： 若給予發育中的幼畜或懷孕母畜，此藥物可能會導致牙齒永久性變黃或變褐。 • 陽光照射： 可能會使寵物的皮膚對陽光更敏感（光敏性）。治療期間請避免長時間曝曬於陽光下。 • 鳥類： 若透過飲水治療鳥類，在溫暖的天氣下請每 12 小時更換一次新鮮飲水。治療期間請移除砂礫和產蛋飼料，因為其中的鈣會阻礙藥物吸收。
氯四環黴素對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。