頭孢噻呋鹽酸鹽
別名: Excenel RTU, Spectramast DC, Spectramast LC, Naxcel (Sodium salt variant), Cefenil
> **注意：** 本藥物主要用於經濟動物（牛和豬）。 * **給藥方式：** 請嚴格按照獸醫的指示給藥。即使動物看起來已經康復，也請完成整個療程，以防止抗生素抗藥性的產生。 * **經濟動物食品安全：** 法律規定必須嚴格遵守屠宰和棄乳的停藥期，以防止人類食物供應中出現藥物殘留。停藥期因使用的具體產品（例如 Excenel RTU 與 Spectramast）而異。 * **副作用：** 觀察是否有過敏反應的跡象（如蕁麻疹、腫脹或呼吸困難）以及腹瀉。 * **注射部位：** 請注意，注射可能會在注射部位引起暫時的疼痛和組織變色。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Susceptible urinary tract infections
- Sepsis/bacteraemia
- Bovine respiratory disease and acute bovine interdigital necrobacillosis
- Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) only
- Acute post-partum metritis
- Neonatal salmonellosis
- Subclinical mastitis at time of dry off
- Clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cattle
- Bacterial respiratory disease
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Pain on IM injection (especially in small animals)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy, anaphylaxis)
- Gastrointestinal distress / diarrhea
- Granulocytopenia (rare)
- Thrombocytopenia (rare)
- Injection site discoloration
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients with a documented history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients hypersensitive to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity
- > **Warning:** Hypersensitivity reactions can occur. Cross-reactivity with penicillins is possible. * **Tissue Discoloration:** IM or SC injections can cause injection site discoloration, resulting in trim-out of edible tissues at slaughter (persisting up to 11 days in the neck, or >28 days in the rear leg of cattle). * **Withdrawal Times:** Strict adherence to slaughter and milk withdrawal times is legally required and varies significantly by specific product and species. * **Renal Impairment:** Patients in renal failure may require dosage adjustments due to decreased clearance. * **Laboratory Interference:** May cause false-positive urine glucose tests (cupric sulfate method), falsely elevated creatinine (Jaffe reaction), and false-positive direct Coombs' tests.
藥物相互作用
- Aminoglycosides / Nephrotoxic Drugs (e.g., amphotericin B): Potential for additive nephrotoxicity. In vitro studies show synergistic antibacterial activity, but they must NOT be mixed together in the same syringe or fluid line.
- Probenecid: Competitively blocks the tubular secretion of most cephalosporins, thereby increasing serum levels and prolonging serum half-lives.
- Aminoglycosides: Synergistic antibacterial effect, but should not be mixed in the same syringe due to chemical incompatibility.
- Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
- Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide): Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
常見問題
頭孢噻呋鹽酸鹽用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> 注意： 本藥物主要用於經濟動物（牛和豬）。 • 給藥方式： 請嚴格按照獸醫的指示給藥。即使動物看起來已經康復，也請完成整個療程，以防止抗生素抗藥性的產生。 • 經濟動物食品安全： 法律規定必須嚴格遵守屠宰和棄乳的停藥期，以防止人類食物供應中出現藥物殘留。停藥期因使用的具體產品（例如 Excenel RTU 與 Spectramast）而異。 • 副作用： 觀察是否有過敏反應的跡象（如蕁麻疹、腫脹或呼吸困難）以及腹瀉。 • 注射部位： 請注意，注射可能會在注射部位引起暫時的疼痛和組織變色。
頭孢噻呋鹽酸鹽對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。