北米サンゴヘビ抗毒素

使用用途

• Coral Snake envenomation
• Coral Snake envenomation (systemic effects)
• Coral Snake envenomation
• Coral Snake envenomation

投与方法

考えられる副作用

• Hypersensitivity reactions
• Anaphylaxis (incidence <2%)
• Anaphylactoid reactions
• Serum sickness
• Erythema and wheal formation (at injection site during sensitivity testing)

注意事項と禁忌

• Envenomation by Sonoran or Arizona Coral Snake (Micruroides euryxanthus)
• **Anaphylaxis Risk:** High risk of hypersensitivity reactions due to the equine serum origin. * **Sensitivity Testing:** A 1:10 dilution given intracutaneously (0.02-0.03 mL) may be used to test for hypersensitivity (wheal/erythema within 30 mins indicates a positive reaction). Note: A negative test does *not* guarantee anaphylaxis won't occur. * **Pretreatment:** Diphenhydramine is often recommended prior to administration. * **Management:** If an anaphylactoid reaction occurs, stop the infusion, give additional diphenhydramine, and restart 5 minutes later at a slower rate. * **Pregnancy:** FDA Category C.

薬物相互作用

• Analgesics / Sedatives: May mask the clinical signs associated with the venom; use initially with caution.
• Antihistamines: Theoretical potentiation of venom, though undocumented. Diphenhydramine is routinely used by clinicians for pretreatment.
• Beta-blockers: May mask the early signs associated with anaphylaxis.
• Corticosteroids: Contraindicated for the treatment of snakebite envenomation itself, but may be useful to treat secondary anaphylaxis.

よくある質問