妥布黴素
別名: Nebcin, TOBI, Brulamycin, Gernebcin, Mytobrin, Tobrex
妥布黴素是一種保留用於嚴重感染的強效抗生素。由於其藥效強大，需要仔細監測以確保您寵物的安全。 * **給藥方式：** 如果指示您在家中進行皮下注射，請確保您完全了解正確的注射技巧和給藥時間表。切勿給予超過處方劑量的藥物。 * **潛在風險：** 此藥物具有引起**腎臟損傷**和**聽力或平衡問題**（耳毒性）的風險。 * **注意事項：** 如果您發現以下任何情況，請立即聯繫您的獸醫： * 排尿習慣改變（喝水變多、尿量增加或減少） * 失去平衡、絆倒、頭部傾斜或眼球異常運動 * 明顯的聽力喪失或對聲音無反應 * 嗜睡、嘔吐或食慾不振 * **回診追蹤：** 請務必按時進行血液和尿液檢查。這些檢查對於在發生永久性損傷之前及早發現腎臟壓力的早期跡象至關重要。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- General susceptible infections
- Susceptible UTI
- Sepsis
- Soft tissue, systemic infections
- Persistent bacteremia
- Gram-negative infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (Llamas)
- Susceptible infections
- General susceptible infections
- Susceptible UTI
- Sepsis
- Soft tissue, systemic infections
- Systemic infections
- Persistent bacteremia
- Gram-negative infections
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Nephrotoxicity (acute tubular necrosis)
- Ototoxicity (vestibular and auditory damage, potentially irreversible)
- Neuromuscular blockade
- Facial edema
- Pain or inflammation at the injection site
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Rarely: GI signs, hematologic, and hepatic effects
- Ototoxicity (vestibular and auditory damage)
- Neuromuscular blockade (rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides
- Rabbits and hares (causes fatal disruption of GI flora)
- Pre-existing severe renal disease (unless benefits outweigh risks)
- Dehydration
- Corneal ulceration (specifically for ophthalmic preparations)
- **Extreme Caution Required:** * **Renal Impairment:** Use with extreme caution in patients with preexisting renal disease. Dosage intervals must be extended, and therapeutic drug monitoring is highly recommended. * **Risk Factors:** Neonatal and geriatric patients, fever, sepsis, and dehydration significantly increase the risk of toxicity. * **Working Dogs:** Use cautiously in working dogs (e.g., seeing-eye, herding, hearing-assistance dogs) due to the risk of irreversible ototoxicity (deafness or vestibular dysfunction). * **Neuromuscular Disorders:** Avoid or use with extreme caution in patients with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders due to the drug's neuromuscular blocking activity. * **Feline Sensitivity:** Cats appear to be particularly sensitive to the vestibular toxic effects of aminoglycosides.
藥物相互作用
- Beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins): Synergistic antibacterial effects in vivo; however, can cause physical inactivation of aminoglycosides if mixed in the same syringe or IV line, or in vivo in patients with severe renal failure.
- Cephalosporins: Potential for additive nephrotoxicity (historically documented with older generation cephalosporins like cephalothin).
- Loop Diuretics (furosemide, torsemide): Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
- Osmotic Diuretics (mannitol): Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
- Other Nephrotoxic Drugs (cisplatin, amphotericin B, polymyxin B, vancomycin): Significantly increased risk of acute kidney injury.
- Neuromuscular Blocking Agents & General Anesthetics: Concomitant use can potentiate and prolong neuromuscular blockade, potentially leading to respiratory paralysis.
- Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity
- Furosemide: Increased risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
- Heparin: In vitro chemical inactivation if mixed
- Pancuronium: Enhanced non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade
常見問題
妥布黴素用於寵物有什麼用途？
妥布黴素是一種保留用於嚴重感染的強效抗生素。由於其藥效強大，需要仔細監測以確保您寵物的安全。 • 給藥方式： 如果指示您在家中進行皮下注射，請確保您完全了解正確的注射技巧和給藥時間表。切勿給予超過處方劑量的藥物。 • 潛在風險： 此藥物具有引起腎臟損傷和聽力或平衡問題（耳毒性）的風險。 • 注意事項： 如果您發現以下任何情況，請立即聯繫您的獸醫： • 排尿習慣改變（喝水變多、尿量增加或減少） • 失去平衡、絆倒、頭部傾斜或眼球異常運動 • 明顯的聽力喪失或對聲音無反應 • 嗜睡、嘔吐或食慾不振 • 回診追蹤： 請務必按時進行血液和尿液檢查。這些檢查對於在發生永久性損傷之前及早發現腎臟壓力的早期跡象至關重要。
妥布黴素對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。