巰嘌呤
別名: Purinethol, Flocofil, Ismipur, Mercap, Mercaptina, Puri-Nethol, Varimer
藥物類別: Antineoplastic / Immunosuppressant
- **安全處理**：這是一種強效的免疫抑制與抗癌藥物。給藥後請務必徹底洗手。孕婦或免疫力低下者應避免接觸此藥物。 - **觀察毒性反應**：如果您的寵物出現異常出血、瘀青、食慾不振、嘔吐、腹瀉或感染跡象（如發燒或極度嗜睡），請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 - **嚴格監測**：您的寵物需要頻繁進行血液檢查，以確保藥物沒有損害其骨髓或肝臟。請勿錯過這些回診。 - **長期風險**：請注意，長期使用免疫抑制劑會帶來嚴重毒性的風險，包括增加感染的易感性或引發繼發性癌症。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As an immunosuppressant in combination with corticosteroids for treating bullous pemphigoid
- For erosive, immune-mediated polyarthritis in combination with corticosteroids
- For treatment of immune-mediated diseases or acute lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemias
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Nausea
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Pancreatitis
- Gastrointestinal ulceration (including oral ulcers)
- Dermatologic reactions
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to mercaptopurine
- Pregnancy (teratogenic and mutagenic)
- > **Risk vs. Benefit Warning**: Use with extreme caution in patients with pre-existing hepatic dysfunction, bone marrow depression, active infections, renal function impairment (dosage adjustment required), or a history of urate urinary stones. * **Teratogenicity**: Mercaptopurine is mutagenic and teratogenic (FDA Category D). Do not use in pregnant animals unless the benefit strictly outweighs the risk. * **Nursing**: Unknown if excreted in milk; use milk replacer for nursing bitches or queens. * **Laboratory Interference**: May cause falsely elevated serum glucose and uric acid values on SMA 12/60 analyzers.
藥物相互作用
- Allopurinol: Decreases hepatic metabolism of mercaptopurine via xanthine oxidase inhibition. Dose of mercaptopurine must be drastically reduced (to 1/4-1/3 of usual dose) if used concurrently.
- Aminosalicylates (mesalamine, sulfasalazine): May increase the risk for mercaptopurine toxicity.
- Hepatotoxic drugs (halothane, ketoconazole, valproic acid, phenobarbital, primidone, doxorubicin): Increased risk of hepatotoxicity; use cautiously together.
- Immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): Increased risk of severe infection due to additive immunosuppression.
- Myelosuppressive drugs (antineoplastics, chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine, trimethoprim/sulfa): Additive bone marrow depression; use with extreme caution.
- Vaccines, live: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection; use with caution or avoid during therapy.
- Warfarin: Mercaptopurine may reduce the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
常見問題
巰嘌呤用於寵物有什麼用途？
- **安全處理**：這是一種強效的免疫抑制與抗癌藥物。給藥後請務必徹底洗手。孕婦或免疫力低下者應避免接觸此藥物。 - **觀察毒性反應**：如果您的寵物出現異常出血、瘀青、食慾不振、嘔吐、腹瀉或感染跡象（如發燒或極度嗜睡），請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 - **嚴格監測**：您的寵物需要頻繁進行血液檢查，以確保藥物沒有損害其骨髓或肝臟。請勿錯過這些回診。 - **長期風險**：請注意，長期使用免疫抑制劑會帶來嚴重毒性的風險，包括增加感染的易感性或引發繼發性癌症。
巰嘌呤對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。