中鏈三酸甘油酯 (MCT油)

用途

• Base-vehicle to administer drugs
• To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted
• To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted
• To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Unpalatability (especially in dogs)
• Bloating
• Flatulence
• Diarrhea
• Food aversion (rare in cats)

注意事項與禁忌

• Significant hepatic disease (e.g., portosystemic shunts, cirrhosis, hepatic failure)
• > **Hepatic Disease Warning:** Use with extreme caution in patients with significant hepatic disease (e.g., portacaval shunts, cirrhosis). Because MCTs are rapidly absorbed via the portal vein, impaired hepatic clearance can lead to significantly high systemic blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of medium-chain fatty acids. This can precipitate or exacerbate **hepatic encephalopathy/coma**. * **Gastrointestinal Upset:** Rapid introduction can cause severe osmotic diarrhea. Always start at the low end of the dose range and titrate up gradually. * **Nutritional Deficiencies:** Does not provide essential fatty acids. Fat-soluble vitamin supplementation is recommended if used as the primary fat source.

藥物相互作用

• Griseofulvin: MCT oil may decrease absorption, as griseofulvin requires long-chain dietary fats for optimal oral absorption.
• Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K): Absorption may be impaired if LCTs are completely replaced by MCTs; supplementation may be required.

常見問題