肝素鈉
別名: Hep-Lock, Hep-Loc U/P, Hepflush-10
藥物類別: Anticoagulant
肝素是一種強效的血液稀釋劑，用於治療或預防危及生命的血栓。 - **住院照護**：由於使用肝素需要密集的監測（頻繁抽血檢查凝血時間），且其治療的疾病通常相當嚴重，因此這種藥物幾乎只在獸醫院的住院環境中由專業人員使用。 - **出血風險**：最顯著的風險是出血。如果您的寵物帶著類似肝素的藥物出院，請密切觀察是否有任何瘀傷、牙齦出血、血尿或血便，或是極度疲倦的跡象，若有發現請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Adjunctive treatment of DIC
- Feline arterial thromboembolism
- Maintenance therapy for arterial thromboembolic disease
- Prevention of complications associated with hypercoagulable states
- Adjunctive treatment of DIC
- Adjunctive therapy in endotoxic shock
- Adjunctive therapy in the prevention of laminitis
- Prevention of abdominal adhesions
- Adjunctive treatment of DIC
- Adjunctive treatment of DIC
- Adjunctive treatment of DIC
- Bridging therapy for pulmonary thromboembolism
- Anticoagulation without excessive risk of bleeding
給藥方式
IVSCIntraperitoneal (lavage)Intrapleural (lavage)
可能的副作用
- Hemorrhage (most common)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Hypersensitivity reactions (derived from bovine/porcine tissue)
- Anemia in horses (due to erythrocyte agglutination)
- Injection site pain and hematoma (especially if given IM)
- Vasospastic reactions
- Osteoporosis (with long-term use)
- Rebound hyperlipidemia
- Hyperkalemia
- Alopecia
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to heparin
- Severe thrombocytopenia
- Uncontrollable bleeding (not caused by DIC)
- Intramuscular (IM) administration (causes hematomas)
- Actively bleeding DIC patients with severe factor depletion
- Use with extreme caution in patients with dysfunctional interactions between inflammatory and hemostatic systems (e.g., DIC with concurrent inflammation). **Do not administer IM** due to the risk of severe hematoma formation. Deep SC dosing may cause pain and irritation. Dogs with renal insufficiency may have lower plasma levels and faster elimination rates, requiring dosage adjustments. Safe use in pregnancy is not firmly established (FDA Category C).
藥物相互作用
- Aspirin: May increase the risk for hemorrhage
- Dextran: May increase the risk for hemorrhage
- NSAIDs: May increase the risk for hemorrhage
- Warfarin: May increase the risk for hemorrhage
- Antihistamines: May partially counteract heparin's anticoagulant effects
- Nitroglycerin (IV): May partially counteract heparin's anticoagulant effects
- Propylene Glycol: May partially counteract heparin's anticoagulant effects
- Digoxin: May partially counteract heparin's anticoagulant effects
- Tetracyclines: May partially counteract heparin's anticoagulant effects
常見問題
肝素鈉用於寵物有什麼用途？
肝素是一種強效的血液稀釋劑，用於治療或預防危及生命的血栓。 - **住院照護**：由於使用肝素需要密集的監測（頻繁抽血檢查凝血時間），且其治療的疾病通常相當嚴重，因此這種藥物幾乎只在獸醫院的住院環境中由專業人員使用。 - **出血風險**：最顯著的風險是出血。如果您的寵物帶著類似肝素的藥物出院，請密切觀察是否有任何瘀傷、牙齦出血、血尿或血便，或是極度疲倦的跡象，若有發現請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。
肝素鈉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。