地氟醚

用途

• General Anesthesia (Clinically useful concentrations)
• General Anesthesia (Emergency patients)
• General Anesthesia (Following IV induction)
• General Anesthesia (Clinically useful concentrations)
• General Anesthesia (Emergency patients)
• General Anesthesia (Following IV induction)

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Hypotension (dose-dependent)
• Respiratory depression (dose-dependent)
• Respiratory irritation and salivation (especially with mask induction)
• Sympathetic stimulation (tachycardia/hypertension) with rapid increases in concentration
• Malignant hyperthermia (in susceptible individuals, though incidence may be lower than other halogenated agents)
• Transient increases in glucose and white blood cell count

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypersensitivity to desflurane or other halogenated anesthetic agents
• History of or predilection towards malignant hyperthermia
• > **Rapid Recovery Warning:** Because recovery is exceptionally fast, patients may wake up in pain if perioperative analgesics are not administered proactively. Ensure appropriate analgesia and sedation are on board before discontinuing the gas, particularly in large animals. * **Induction:** Due to its rapid action, use caution not to overdose during the induction phase. * **Neurologic Patients:** Use with caution (weigh benefits vs. risks) in patients with increased CSF pressure or head injury. * **Compromised Patients:** Geriatric or critically ill animals typically require lower concentrations of inhalation anesthetics. * **Occupational Safety:** NIOSH recommends workers should not be exposed to ceiling concentrations > 2 ppm over a 1-hour sampling period.

藥物相互作用

• ACE Inhibitors or other hypotensive agents: Concomitant use may increase risks for severe hypotension.
• Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents: Additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
• Succinylcholine: May induce increased incidences of cardiac effects (bradycardia, arrhythmias, sinus arrest, apnea) and trigger malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients.

常見問題