Verapamil
別名: Calan, Isoptin, Verelan, Covera-HS, Securon
Verapamil is a medication used primarily to correct abnormally fast heart rhythms. * **Compliance is Key:** To be effective, your pet must receive all doses exactly as prescribed by your veterinarian. Do not skip doses or stop the medication abruptly. * **What to Watch For:** Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes unusually lethargic, shows exercise intolerance, begins wheezing, has shortness of breath or a cough, or develops any sudden change in behavior or attitude. * **Dietary Notes:** Follow your veterinarian's instructions regarding giving this medication with or without food, as food can affect how certain formulations are absorbed.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (Acute)
- To control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cardiovascular disease
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Treatment of hypertension
- Emergency treatment for hemodynamically unstable and sustained (continuous) supraventricular tachycardia
- General arrhythmias
- Acute termination of supraventricular tachycardia
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (Acute)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hypotension
- Bradycardia
- Tachycardia
- Exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF)
- Peripheral edema
- AV block
- Pulmonary edema
- Nausea
- Constipation
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Precipitation or exacerbation of congestive heart failure
注意事項與禁忌
- Cardiogenic shock
- Severe CHF (unless secondary to a supraventricular tachycardia amenable to verapamil)
- Hypotension (<90 mmHg systolic)
- Sick sinus syndrome
- 2nd or 3rd degree AV block
- Digoxin intoxication
- Hypersensitivity to verapamil
- Recent use (within a few hours) of IV beta-adrenergic blockers
- Hypotension
- Left ventricular dysfunction
- Heart failure
- > **Critical Warning:** IV verapamil is contraindicated within a few hours of IV beta-adrenergic blocking agents (e.g., propranolol). The combination can severely depress myocardial contractility and AV node conduction, potentially causing rapid hemodynamic deterioration and ventricular fibrillation. * **Cardiac Disease:** Use with caution in patients with heart failure or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) due to negative inotropic effects. * **Organ Impairment:** Toxicity may be potentiated in patients with hepatic or renal impairment. * **Arrhythmias:** Use very cautiously in patients with atrial fibrillation and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome as fatal arrhythmias may result. * **Endocrine:** May increase blood glucose in dogs; use with caution in diabetic animals. * **Breed Sensitivities:** Verapamil is a neurotoxic substrate of P-glycoprotein. Use with extreme caution in herding breeds (e.g., Collies, Australian Shepherds) that may possess the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene mutation causing a nonfunctional P-gp protein.
藥物相互作用
- ACE Inhibitors: May cause additive hypotensive effects
- Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers (e.g., prazosin): May cause additive hypotensive effects
- Beta-Adrenergic Blockers (e.g., propranolol): May cause additive negative cardiac inotrope and chronotrope effects; IV combination is contraindicated
- Doxorubicin: Verapamil may increase doxorubicin concentrations
- COPP Chemotherapy: May decrease oral absorption of verapamil
- Cyclosporine: Verapamil may increase cyclosporine levels
- Dantrolene: Cardiovascular collapse reported in animals when used with verapamil
- Digoxin: Verapamil may increase blood levels of digoxin; monitoring recommended
- Disopyramide: May cause additive effects and impair left ventricular function; concurrent use within 24-48 hours not recommended
- Diuretics: May cause additive hypotensive effects
- Erythromycin, Clarithromycin: May increase verapamil levels
常見問題
Verapamil用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Verapamil is a medication used primarily to correct abnormally fast heart rhythms. * **Compliance is Key:** To be effective, your pet must receive all doses exactly as prescribed by your veterinarian. Do not skip doses or stop the medication abruptly. * **What to Watch For:** Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes unusually lethargic, shows exercise intolerance, begins wheezing, has shortness of breath or a cough, or develops any sudden change in behavior or attitude. * **Dietary Notes:** Follow your veterinarian's instructions regarding giving this medication with or without food, as food can affect how certain formulations are absorbed.
Verapamil對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。