Pralidoxime
別名: Protopam, 2-PAM
Pralidoxime is an emergency antidote used exclusively in a veterinary hospital setting to treat severe poisoning from certain insecticides or pesticides (organophosphates). * It works by 'un-sticking' the poison from a vital enzyme in your pet's body, helping to restore normal muscle function and breathing. * It is almost always given alongside another antidote called atropine. * Time is of the essence; this medication is most effective when given within the first 24 hours of exposure.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Organophosphate toxicity
- Organophosphate toxicity
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Tachycardia
- Muscle rigidity
- Transient neuromuscular blockade (if given too rapidly IV)
- Hypertension
- Hyperventilation
注意事項與禁忌
- Carbamate toxicity (can exacerbate toxicity)
- Poisoning by non-anticholinesterase compounds
- Hypersensitivity to pralidoxime
- > **Rapid IV Administration:** Must be given slowly (over 15-30 minutes). Rapid intravenous injection can cause tachycardia, cardiac arrest, and paradoxical muscle rigidity or neuromuscular blockade. * **Timing is critical:** Efficacy drops significantly if administered >24-48 hours post-exposure due to enzyme 'aging'. * **Renal Impairment:** Use with caution and reduce dose in patients with renal failure, as the drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. * **Concurrent Therapy:** Always ensure adequate atropinization and airway management before or during pralidoxime administration.
藥物相互作用
- Phenothiazines: May exacerbate organophosphate toxicity
- Succinylcholine: Prolonged neuromuscular blockade due to cholinesterase inhibition
- Morphine: May exacerbate respiratory depression in OP toxicity
- Aminophylline: May exacerbate toxicity
常見問題
Pralidoxime用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Pralidoxime is an emergency antidote used exclusively in a veterinary hospital setting to treat severe poisoning from certain insecticides or pesticides (organophosphates). * It works by 'un-sticking' the poison from a vital enzyme in your pet's body, helping to restore normal muscle function and breathing. * It is almost always given alongside another antidote called atropine. * Time is of the essence; this medication is most effective when given within the first 24 hours of exposure.
Pralidoxime對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。