Pentoxifylline
別名: Trental
* **Administration**: Give this medication **with food** to significantly reduce the chance of stomach upset (vomiting or loss of appetite). * **Patience is Key**: For skin and vascular conditions, it may take **several weeks (up to 6-8 weeks)** to see noticeable improvement. Do not stop the medication early unless directed by your veterinarian. * **Side Effects**: Watch for vomiting, diarrhea, or unusual nervousness/excitement. Contact your vet if these occur. * **Expectations**: Clients should understand that veterinary experience with this medication is limited and that the risk versus benefit profile is not completely defined.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Vasculitis (off-label)
- Cutaneous vasculitis / General
- Adjunctive treatment to prevent GI thrombosis
- To reduce cytokine effects in endotoxemia
- To reduce cytokine effects in endotoxemia
- Adjunctive treatment (experimental) of sepsis in foals
- Adjunctive treatment of equine pastern dermatitis
- To increase oxygenation of placenta in placentitis
- To increase the circulation to the podotrochlea
- Dermatologic conditions (e.g., dermatomyositis, ear margin seborrhea/necrosis, ulcerative dermatitis of collies/shelties, contact dermatitis, atopy and any disease with underlying vasculitis)
- Atopic dermatitis
- Dermatologic disorders including dermatomyositis, vasculitis, erythema multiforme, cutaneous and renal vasculitis of Greyhounds (Alabama rot), and allergic contact dermatitis
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Vomiting
- Inappetence
- Loose stools
- Excitement
- Nervousness
- Dizziness (humans)
- Headache (humans)
- Erythema multiforme (rare in dogs)
- Transient leukocytosis (horses IV)
- Muscle fasciculations (horses IV)
- Sweating on shoulders/flanks (horses IV)
- Mild increases in heart rate (horses IV)
- Anorexia
- Diarrhea
注意事項與禁忌
- Intolerance or hypersensitivity to pentoxifylline or other xanthines (e.g., theophylline, caffeine, theobromine)
- Cerebral hemorrhage
- Retinal hemorrhage
- Hypersensitivity to methylxanthines (e.g., theophylline, caffeine)
- Cerebral or retinal hemorrhage
- Severe hepatic or renal impairment (use with caution)
- > **Caution** in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment, or those at risk for hemorrhage. * **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C. May be teratogenic at high dosages. * **Nursing**: Excreted in maternal milk. Use cautiously in nursing patients due to potential tumorigenicity seen in rats.
藥物相互作用
- Antihypertensive drugs: May increase hypotensive effect when used concurrently
- NSAIDs: Controversial in horses; may negate beneficial effects for endotoxemia, though some studies show superior efficacy when used with flunixin
- Platelet-aggregation inhibitors (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel): Increased risk for bleeding
- Theophylline: Serum levels of theophylline may be increased when used concurrently
- Warfarin: Increased risk of bleeding; use together with enhanced monitoring and caution
- Ciprofloxacin: May increase pentoxifylline levels
- Antihypertensives: Potential for additive hypotensive effects
常見問題
Pentoxifylline用於寵物有甚麼用途？
* **Administration**: Give this medication **with food** to significantly reduce the chance of stomach upset (vomiting or loss of appetite). * **Patience is Key**: For skin and vascular conditions, it may take **several weeks (up to 6-8 weeks)** to see noticeable improvement. Do not stop the medication early unless directed by your veterinarian. * **Side Effects**: Watch for vomiting, diarrhea, or unusual nervousness/excitement. Contact your vet if these occur. * **Expectations**: Clients should understand that veterinary experience with this medication is limited and that the risk versus benefit profile is not completely defined.
Pentoxifylline對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。