多潘立酮
別名: Motilium, Equidone, Leisguard
藥物類別: Prokinetic (Dopamine-2 Antagonist) Agent
- **用途**：多潘立酮用於改善犬貓的胃排空並減少噁心。在馬匹中，它用於預防食用有毒狐茅草引起的併發症，並刺激哺乳期母馬的乳汁分泌。 - **給藥方式**：請嚴格按照獸醫的指示給藥。 - **人類安全警告**：懷孕和哺乳期婦女在處理馬用凝膠產品時應格外小心，因為全身性接觸可能會影響人類生殖荷爾蒙。請戴上手套並在處理後徹底洗手。 - **副作用**：您可能會注意到寵物出現不正常的乳汁分泌或乳房腫大。在馬匹中，乳汁可能會在小馬出生前滴落。如果您發現寵物有任何異常的嗜睡、抽搐或行為改變，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- As a prokinetic agent
- Antiemetic / Prokinetic
- For fescue toxicity
- As a prokinetic agent
- For vomiting due to gastritis
- Antiemetic / Prokinetic
- Leishmaniasis (Treatment and Prevention)
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Galactorrhea (inappropriate milk production)
- Gynecomastia
- Premature lactation in horses (dripping milk prior to foaling)
- Failure of passive transfer in foals
- Rarely: somnolence or dystonic reactions
- Arrhythmias (associated with withdrawn injectable human products, especially with hypokalemia or heart disease)
- Galactorrhea (milk production in females)
- Mammary gland hyperplasia
- Changes in estrus cycle
- Mild gastrointestinal upset
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to domperidone
- Presence or suspicion of gastrointestinal obstruction, perforation, or hemorrhage
- Pregnant mares >15 days prior to expected foaling date (unless specifically managed)
- Horses intended for human consumption
- Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
- Mechanical GI obstruction or perforation
- Prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors (prolactinomas)
- Known hypersensitivity to the drug
- > **MDR1 Mutation Warning**: Domperidone is potentially a neurotoxic substrate of **P-glycoprotein**. Use with extreme caution in herding breeds (e.g., Collies, Australian Shepherds) that may possess the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene mutation causing a nonfunctional blood-brain barrier efflux pump. - **Foal Immunity**: In horses, failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins (IgG) may occur even without visible leakage of colostrum. **All foals** born to treated mares must be tested for serum IgG concentrations. - **Reproductive Impact**: May lead to premature birth, low birth weight, or foal morbidity if administered >15 days prior to the expected foaling date. Accurate breeding dates are essential. - **Laboratory Alterations**: May increase serum prolactin, ALT, and AST. Can cause false-positive results on milk calcium tests used to predict foaling.
藥物相互作用
- Azole Antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole): May increase domperidone levels due to metabolic inhibition.
- Anticholinergic Drugs: May reduce the gastrointestinal prokinetic efficacy of domperidone.
- Bromocriptine / Cabergoline: Domperidone may antagonize their dopamine-agonist effects on prolactin.
- Macrolide Antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin): May increase domperidone levels.
- Opioids: May reduce the gastrointestinal prokinetic efficacy of domperidone.
- Sustained-Release or Enteric-Coated Oral Medications: Domperidone may alter the absorptive characteristics of these drugs by decreasing GI transit times.
- Antacids: May decrease the oral absorption of domperidone
- H2-receptor antagonists (e.g., famotidine): May decrease the oral absorption of domperidone due to altered gastric pH
- Ketoconazole: Inhibits CYP3A4 metabolism of domperidone, potentially increasing plasma concentrations and risk of QT prolongation
- Erythromycin: Inhibits CYP3A4 metabolism of domperidone, increasing plasma concentrations.
- Anticholinergics (e.g., Atropine): May antagonize the gastrokinetic effects of domperidone.
- Antacids and H2 Blockers (e.g., Famotidine, Omeprazole): Increase gastric pH, which may decrease the oral absorption of domperidone. Administer at least 2 hours apart.
常見問題
多潘立酮用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- 用途：多潘立酮用於改善犬貓的胃排空並減少噁心。在馬匹中，它用於預防食用有毒狐茅草引起的併發症，並刺激哺乳期母馬的乳汁分泌。 - 給藥方式：請嚴格按照獸醫的指示給藥。 - 人類安全警告：懷孕和哺乳期婦女在處理馬用凝膠產品時應格外小心，因為全身性接觸可能會影響人類生殖荷爾蒙。請戴上手套並在處理後徹底洗手。 - 副作用：您可能會注意到寵物出現不正常的乳汁分泌或乳房腫大。在馬匹中，乳汁可能會在小馬出生前滴落。如果您發現寵物有任何異常的嗜睡、抽搐或行為改變，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。
多潘立酮對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。