雙氯西林

用途

• Localized soft tissue infections or skin infections caused by susceptible (non-beta-lactamase producers) bacteria
• Localized soft tissue infections or skin infections caused by susceptible (non-beta-lactamase producers) bacteria
• Dermatologic infections
• Recurrent skin infections

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (superinfections)
• Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
• Neurotoxicity (ataxia at very high doses)
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Tachypnea
• Dyspnea
• Edema
• Tachycardia

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypersensitivity to penicillins
• Septicemia, shock, or other grave illnesses (oral absorption may be significantly delayed or diminished)
• Use cautiously in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporins, cefamycins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity. Do not administer systemic antibiotics orally in patients with septicemia, shock, or other grave illnesses; parenteral routes should be used.

藥物相互作用

• Aminoglycosides: In vitro evidence of synergism with dicloxacillin against S. aureus strains; however, penicillins can inactivate aminoglycosides in vitro, so do not mix in the same syringe/fluid line.
• Cyclosporine: Dicloxacillin may reduce cyclosporine levels.
• Probenecid: Competitively blocks the tubular secretion of dicloxacillin, thereby increasing serum levels and serum half-lives.
• Tetracyclines: Theoretical antagonism; concurrent use is usually not recommended.
• Warfarin: Dicloxacillin may cause decreased warfarin efficacy.

常見問題