Dactinomycin
別名: Cosmegen, Lyovac
Dactinomycin is a potent chemotherapy drug used to treat certain cancers. Because it is very strong, it requires careful monitoring. * **Toxicity Signs:** Contact your veterinarian *immediately* if your pet shows signs of serious illness, including bloody vomiting or diarrhea, abnormal bleeding or bruising, straining to urinate, severe lethargy/depression, signs of infection (fever), or shortness of breath. * **Oral Sores:** Check your pet's mouth periodically for sores or ulcers, which can make eating painful. * **Safety at Home:** Because this drug is eliminated in your pet's waste and has the potential to cause cell damage, wear gloves when handling your pet's urine, feces, or vomit for a few days after treatment. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. * **Breeding/Pregnancy:** This drug can cause birth defects. Do not breed pets receiving this medication.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Antineoplastic protocols (e.g., rescue therapy for lymphomas, sarcomas)
- Lymphoma (rescue protocols), sarcomas, and carcinomas
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow depression (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
- Gastrointestinal toxicity (diarrhea, ulcerative stomatitis, GI ulceration)
- Severe tissue damage and pain (if extravasated)
- Hyperuricemia (may require allopurinol)
- Hepatotoxicity
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to dactinomycin
- Pregnancy (teratogenic and embryotoxic)
- **WARNING: Severe Vesicant and Highly Toxic** * **Extravasation Risk:** Can cause extensive pain and tissue damage. Must be administered via a perfectly placed IV catheter, ideally using a 'two-needle' technique and slow infusion into a running IV line. * **MDR1 Mutation:** Use with extreme caution or avoid in breeds susceptible to the MDR1-allele mutation (Collies, Australian Shepherds, Shelties, Long-haired Whippets) due to high risk of fatal toxicity. * **Organ Dysfunction:** Use with caution in patients with preexisting bone marrow depression, hepatic dysfunction, or active infections. * **Hazardous Drug:** Chronic exposure increases mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic risks for healthcare workers. Strict hazardous drug handling, preparation, and disposal protocols are required. * **Pregnancy/Nursing:** Embryotoxic and teratogenic (FDA Category C). Avoid use in pregnant or nursing animals.
藥物相互作用
- Doxorubicin: Additive cardiotoxicity may occur if used concurrently or sequentially.
- Myelosuppressive drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, colchicine, other antineoplastics): May cause additive myelosuppression.
- Vitamin K: Patients may require higher dosages of vitamin K when receiving dactinomycin.
常見問題
Dactinomycin用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Dactinomycin is a potent chemotherapy drug used to treat certain cancers. Because it is very strong, it requires careful monitoring. * **Toxicity Signs:** Contact your veterinarian *immediately* if your pet shows signs of serious illness, including bloody vomiting or diarrhea, abnormal bleeding or bruising, straining to urinate, severe lethargy/depression, signs of infection (fever), or shortness of breath. * **Oral Sores:** Check your pet's mouth periodically for sores or ulcers, which can make eating painful. * **Safety at Home:** Because this drug is eliminated in your pet's waste and has the potential to cause cell damage, wear gloves when handling your pet's urine, feces, or vomit for a few days after treatment. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. * **Breeding/Pregnancy:** This drug can cause birth defects. Do not breed pets receiving this medication.
Dactinomycin對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。