Chlordiazepoxide and Clidinium
別名: Librium, Librax
* **Administration**: Give exactly as directed by your veterinarian. If using for stress-related diarrhea, give at the first sign of cramping or stressful events. * **Behavioral Changes**: In some animals (especially dogs), this medication can cause paradoxical excitement or agitation instead of calming them. Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet's behavior worsens or if they become aggressive. * **Side Effects**: May cause dry mouth (ensure fresh water is always available), constipation, or mild sleepiness. * **Cats**: Watch closely for loss of appetite, vomiting, lethargy, or yellowing of the eyes/gums, as oral anti-anxiety medications in this class can rarely cause liver issues in cats. * **Safety**: Keep strictly out of reach of children and other pets. Store in a tightly closed container.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As an anxiolytic
- Behavior indications (thunderstorm/noise phobias)
- Symptomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
- Symptomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Paradoxical CNS excitement or agitation (especially in dogs)
- Variable sedation and lethargy
- Behavioral changes (irritability, aberrant demeanor in cats)
- Potential hepatotoxicity (idiosyncratic hepatic failure reported with oral diazepam in cats; unknown if chlordiazepoxide shares this risk)
- Dry mouth (xerostomia)
- Constipation or dysphagia
- Urinary retention or hesitancy
- Tachycardia (at higher doses) or initial bradycardia
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines or antimuscarinics
- Coma, shock, or significant respiratory depression
- Aggressive patients (may disinhibit bite inhibition and worsen aggression)
- Tachycardia secondary to thyrotoxicosis or cardiac insufficiency
- Myocardial ischemia
- Gastrointestinal obstructive disease or paralytic ileus
- Severe ulcerative colitis
- Obstructive uropathy
- Myasthenia gravis
- Known or suspected GI infections (may prolong retention of toxins/pathogens)
- > **Warning**: Use benzodiazepines with extreme caution in aggressive animals, as they may disinhibit anxiety-based bite inhibition, leading to worsened aggressive behavior. * **Hepatic/Renal Impairment**: Use cautiously in patients with liver or kidney disease, and in debilitated or geriatric patients. * **Working Animals**: Benzodiazepines may impair the abilities of working or service animals. * **Autonomic Neuropathy**: Use antimuscarinics with extreme caution. * **Pregnancy**: Benzodiazepines are potentially teratogenic (FDA Category D). Use during the first trimester only if benefits clearly outweigh risks. * **Nursing**: Distributed into milk and may cause CNS effects in nursing neonates.
藥物相互作用
- Digoxin: Pharmacologic effects of digoxin may be increased; clidinium may also increase serum levels of slow-dissolving digoxin.
- CNS Depressants (barbiturates, opiates, anesthetics): Additive CNS depression and sedative effects.
- Probenecid: May interfere with benzodiazepine metabolism in the liver, causing increased or prolonged effects.
- Rifampin: May induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and decrease the pharmacologic effects of benzodiazepines.
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide, leading to excessive sedation.
- Erythromycin: May decrease the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide, leading to excessive sedation.
- Fluoxetine: May decrease the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide, leading to excessive sedation.
- Isoniazid: May decrease the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide, leading to excessive sedation.
- Ketoconazole: May decrease chlordiazepoxide metabolism. Additionally, increased gastric pH from clidinium may decrease GI absorption of ketoconazole (administer clidinium 2 hours after ketoconazole).
- Metoprolol: May decrease the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide, leading to excessive sedation.
常見問題
Chlordiazepoxide and Clidinium用於寵物有甚麼用途？
* **Administration**: Give exactly as directed by your veterinarian. If using for stress-related diarrhea, give at the first sign of cramping or stressful events. * **Behavioral Changes**: In some animals (especially dogs), this medication can cause paradoxical excitement or agitation instead of calming them. Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet's behavior worsens or if they become aggressive. * **Side Effects**: May cause dry mouth (ensure fresh water is always available), constipation, or mild sleepiness. * **Cats**: Watch closely for loss of appetite, vomiting, lethargy, or yellowing of the eyes/gums, as oral anti-anxiety medications in this class can rarely cause liver issues in cats. * **Safety**: Keep strictly out of reach of children and other pets. Store in a tightly closed container.
Chlordiazepoxide and Clidinium對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。