卡維地洛
別名: Coreg, Coreg CR, Eucardic
藥物類別: Beta & Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocker
### 寵物主人重要指引 * **嚴格遵守劑量：** 請*完全*依照獸醫師的處方給藥。**切勿突然停藥**，除非有獸醫師的同意與指導，因為這可能會對心臟造成危險的反彈效應。 * **注意病情惡化跡象：** 如果您的寵物在服藥期間病情惡化（例如：咳嗽增加、呼吸困難），請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 * **監測副作用：** 如果您的寵物出現食慾減退、嚴重疲勞或無精打采、頭暈或步態不穩（這可能表示血壓過低）的跡象，請致電您的獸醫師。 * **給藥方式：** 此藥物最好與食物一起餵食，以幫助吸收並降低血壓突然下降的風險。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Heart failure (adjunctive therapy)
- Early/mild heart failure or later stages of CHF
- Heart failure (target plasma concentration)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Chronic heart failure / Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)
- ACVIM stage B2 degenerative mitral valve disease
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Inappetence
- Lassitude (lethargy/fatigue)
- Hypotension
- Decompensation of heart failure (if titrated too rapidly)
- Bronchospasm (reported in humans)
- Mild hepatocellular injury (rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Class IV decompensated heart failure
- Bronchial asthma
- 2nd or 3rd degree AV block
- Sick sinus syndrome (unless artificially paced)
- Severe bradycardia
- Cardiogenic shock
- Hypersensitivity to the drug
- > **Black Box Warning Equivalent:** Too rapid beta blockade can cause decompensation in patients with heart failure; cautious dosage titration is mandatory. * **Hepatic Insufficiency:** Because the drug is extensively metabolized in the liver, patients with hepatic insufficiency should receive the drug with caution. * **Pregnancy/Nursing:** FDA Category C. Increased post-implantation loss seen in animal studies. Unknown if it enters canine milk, but does enter rat milk. Use with caution in nursing patients.
藥物相互作用
- Beta-Blockers (other): Use with carvedilol may cause additive effects
- Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., diltiazem, verapamil): May rarely cause hemodynamic compromise
- Cimetidine: May decrease metabolism and increase AUC of carvedilol
- Clonidine: Carvedilol may potentiate the cardiovascular effects of clonidine
- Cyclosporine: Carvedilol may increase cyclosporine levels
- Digoxin: Can increase digoxin plasma concentrations by approximately 15%
- Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Quinidine: May increase R(+)carvedilol concentrations and increase alpha-1 blocking effects (vasodilation)
- Insulin / Oral Antidiabetic Agents: Carvedilol may enhance the blood glucose lowering effects of insulin or other antidiabetic agents
- Rifampin: Can decrease carvedilol plasma concentrations by as much as 70%
- Reserpine: Can cause increased bradycardia and hypotension in patients taking carvedilol
- Anaesthetic agents: Enhanced hypotensive effect and myocardial depression
- Phenothiazines: Enhanced hypotensive effect
- Antihypertensive drugs: Enhanced hypotensive effect
- Diuretics: Enhanced hypotensive effect
- Diazepam: Enhanced hypotensive effect
- Calcium-channel blockers: Increased risk of bradycardia, severe hypotension, heart failure, and AV block
- NSAIDs: May antagonize the hypotensive effect of carvedilol
- Insulin: May enhance the hypoglycaemic effect of insulin and mask signs of hypoglycaemia
- Ciclosporin: Carvedilol increases plasma concentration of ciclosporin
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Contraindicated; risk of severe hypertension and bradycardia
常見問題
卡維地洛用於寵物有甚麼用途？
### 寵物主人重要指引 • 嚴格遵守劑量： 請*完全*依照獸醫師的處方給藥。切勿突然停藥，除非有獸醫師的同意與指導，因為這可能會對心臟造成危險的反彈效應。 • 注意病情惡化跡象： 如果您的寵物在服藥期間病情惡化（例如：咳嗽增加、呼吸困難），請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 • 監測副作用： 如果您的寵物出現食慾減退、嚴重疲勞或無精打采、頭暈或步態不穩（這可能表示血壓過低）的跡象，請致電您的獸醫師。 • 給藥方式： 此藥物最好與食物一起餵食，以幫助吸收並降低血壓突然下降的風險。
卡維地洛對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。